Social presence questions

1. Tu (2001) discusses in the literature review that social presence can be cultivated and cultured by initial learning sessions. What is the difference between this cultivated social presence and community building in an online or F2F environment?

2. Stein (2003) discusses the role of social presence in a distance learning environment where students were allowed to choose how they communicate. The results of this study were statistically insignificant due to this inherent part of the study design. How might the results change if students were forced (non-artificially) to use computer-mediated communications?